Omega-3-rich flaxseeds deeply support dermal skin proteins by modulating inflammation and helping fibroblasts maintain healthy matrix production. Raw milk and yogurt offer bioavailable proteins and vitamins that nourish dermal cells directly, encouraging stronger, more resilient skin from within.

Manjistha with anti-glycation and antioxidant properties, helps prevent collagen cross-linking that leads to wrinkling and skin rigidity. Hibiscus adds anthocyanins, while clove delivers potent polyphenols that scavenge free radicals. Together, these actives protect skin cell DNA, membrane lipids, and mitochondrial function—preserving skin’s youth. Meanwhile, the probiotics in yogurt and minerals in milk help sustain a healthy skin microbiome, which naturally boosts the skin’s resilience against environmental ageing triggers.

Wrinkling is accelerated by transepidermal water loss and lipid depletion. Sesame oil, with its nourishing fatty acids, and raw honey work synergistically to lock in hydration and improve moisture retention across all skin layers. Flaxseeds’ mucilage and oils provide deep emollience and help improve barrier function. The lactic acid in milk and yogurt gently exfoliates while simultaneously increasing the skin’s ability to hold moisture, resulting in softer, plumper texture that visually reduces fine lines and dehydration wrinkles.

Natural AHAs from pineapple, combined with the mild enzymatic activity of raw honey and yogurt, accelerate gentle shedding of dead skin while preserving the skin’s lipid matrix. This maintains a smooth surface, which reflects light better and appears more youthful. Unlike chemical peels, these ingredients offer gradual renewal with minimal irritation - ideal for ageing skin that is more sensitive and reactive.

Pigmentation, sallowness, and uneven tone often accompany ageing, caused by both melanin imbalance and reduced microcirculation. Manjistha supports the skin’s detoxification and microvascular health, improving tone clarity from within. Flaxseeds also promote microcirculatory stimulation, which brings in nutrients and oxygen for enhanced radiance. Raw milk’s gentle exfoliation, combined with the brightening enzymes of pineapple and anti-inflammatory benefits of lodhra and clove, helps gradually fade age-related spots and restore a more luminous, even-toned glow.

As the lepa sets on skin, it forms a soft occlusive barrier that traps natural heat and moisture. This mild thermal effect gently dilates superficial blood vessels, enhancing microcirculation and initiating a cascade of dermal activity. The micro-climate beneath the pack mimics the skin’s ideal healing environment - warm, moist, and oxygen-rich - allowing metabolic processes to speed up. This not only supports detoxification through increased lymphatic flow but also primes the skin to better receive and absorb topical nutrients.

Under occlusion, the skin’s intercellular lipids soften slightly, loosening the tightly packed stratum corneum without disrupting its integrity. This temporary softening enhances permeability. Nutrients that are normally blocked by the skin’s natural barrier now find deeper access pathways, allowing for more effective delivery of actives into the viable epidermis. This phase is critical for delivering bioavailable phytonutrients, lacto-compounds, and fatty acids to the cells that need them most.

As circulation improves under the warmth of the lepa, the capillaries become more active, boosting oxygenation and waste removal at a cellular level. This enhances the skin’s metabolic exchange, ensuring a two-way flow—nutrients are pulled in, toxins are flushed out. The dermal vasculature essentially "wakes up," fueling cell turnover and encouraging fibroblast activity, which supports collagen synthesis and overall dermal renewal. The result is skin that is not just nourished, but functionally revitalised.

With the skin barrier relaxed and microcirculation heightened, nutrient absorption peaks. This is when skin drinks in vitamins, enzymes, amino acids, and prebiotic actives from the face pack. These molecules interact with skin cells in real time—lactic acid encourages cell renewal, natural fats reinforce lipid layers, and herbal bioactives modulate inflammation and pigmentation. Each compound finds its target pathway, working either on the surface, within cells, or at the skin’s microbiome level to support radiance and resilience

As the pack begins to dry, it gradually re-establishes the skin’s acidic mantle. The slight tightening helps seal in nutrients while reducing puffiness and superficial redness. Simultaneously, yogurt and enzymatic compounds present in the lepa help regulate skin’s microbial diversity - supporting beneficial strains while inhibiting dysbiosis. This rebalancing of the skin ecosystem enhances immune defense and reduces chronic low-grade inflammation, a hidden enemy of glow.

Once the lepa is removed, the skin enters a post-treatment rebound phase - its texture is visibly smoother, circulation remains elevated, and the skin's receptivity to hydration and emollients is heightened. Barrier function is reset, cell signaling is active, and the skin exhibits improved reflectivity due to enhanced surface uniformity.

With age, the skin's fibroblasts - cells responsible for producing collagen and elastin - slow their output. UV exposure, inflammation, and oxidative stress activate certain enzymes that degrade existing collagen and elastin fibers. This structural loss reduces skin’s firmness, leading to laxity, folds, and expression lines becoming etched into the skin. Effective wrinkle prevention hinges on both stimulating fibroblasts and inhibiting enzymes with antioxidants and polyphenols, preserving the skin’s architectural integrity.

Daily exposure to UV rays, pollution, blue light, and stress produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) - unstable molecules that damage DNA, lipids, and proteins in skin cells. ROS trigger inflammatory cytokines and destroy collagen-supporting enzymes, accelerating visible ageing. Topical antioxidants neutralize these free radicals, protecting skin from photoaging and dullness.

Dry skin may not directly cause wrinkles, but dehydration amplifies them—both visibly and structurally. As water content decreases in the stratum corneum, skin loses its natural elasticity and plumpness, making fine lines more pronounced and reducing resilience to environmental stress. The epidermis also becomes less flexible, increasing mechanical folding and wrinkling over time. Hydrators combined with occlusives like facial oils, help reduce TEWL and visibly soften wrinkles by restoring skin volume and stretch.

As we age, keratinocyte turnover slows from a 28-day cycle in youth to 45–60+ days, leading to a buildup of dead cells on the surface. This not only makes skin appear dull but exacerbates fine lines and texture irregularities, as dead skin impedes light reflection and product absorption. Gentle, consistent exfoliation helps remove this buildup, stimulates cell renewal, and refines the appearance of early wrinkles, especially around the eyes and mouth.

Estrogen plays a crucial role in maintaining skin thickness, hydration, and collagen content. With age - especially during menopause—estrogen levels drop, leading to rapid collagen loss (up to 30% in the first 5 years), reduced hyaluronic acid production, and decreased skin density. This hormonal decline makes skin more prone to wrinkling, sagging, and dryness. Phytoestrogens and barrier-repair ingredients can help mimic some estrogenic effects, supporting wrinkle prevention in estrogen-deficient skin.

Repeated facial expressions like squinting, smiling, and frowning cause dynamic wrinkles—lines that eventually become static over time. These mechanical folds are exaggerated by loss of skin elasticity, dehydration, and collagen depletion. Ingredients like rosehip and bakuchiol help reduce the appearance of these lines by promoting collagen remodelling and epidermal thickening.